雅思作文地图题词汇（雅思作文 地图）

——by 刘利强

描写方位的词汇

E.g be in close to ...;be in near to...;be in proximity of...;On the left of...;in the left-hand corner of...;

be halfway between...and ...; exactly in the middle of...;be at the bottom of...

小结：in 表A在B内，at表A在B外，on表A和B连接，to 表A和B分开。

描写地理方位的句型。雅词词汇

A is situated/located/built in...

A is /lies/is located/is situated in/on/to the north of B

A is in the eastern part of B

A lies 120km to the northwest of B

A is on the opposite side of B/A is opposite B.

At the southern end of the river

The area adjacent to/near/next to/just off the road

描写地理变化的常用词汇

原有事物

the original /previous/former....(garden,forest,river,ect)

原有事物消失 the ...completely disappeared/were removed.

原有事物被改变为A is transformed
/reconstructed/redeveloped/converted

/changed/turn over to/into B

增加了新事物

The year 2000 saw two additions to the land :a pond in the northern part and a vegetable garden on the opposite side.

事物增长了几倍

The number of ... has doubled/tripled/quadrupled to ...

事物大小变化

The size of the ..has been enlarged /extended/halved/reduced by half

描写变化常用的句型

如：现在停车场改成了一个剧院.

The car park has been removed and replaced by a theatre.

总结：描写变化的基本原则是地图每个细节都要提到，不要忽视细节。

要注意描写变化的书写顺序，一般分为时间顺序和空间顺序。To

注意文章的时态，如果地图题反映的是一个地方过去的一段时间的变化，则文章用一般过去时。如果地图题反映的是一个地方将来一段时间的变化趋势，则文章用一般将来时或表“估计”的词汇。如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化，可用现在完成时。

二、How to describe maps.

地图题只考查两个类型，一个是选址类考题，要根据地理位置的描述来择优选择建设方案。这类题写法上往往先介绍图片上事物所处的位置，接着说明影响方案选择的因素，如涉及空间、交通和环境，最后确定哪个方案最好。另一类地图题是某个区域内，某个事物不同年代的变化情况。

be far from 距离某处很远

be near 距离某处很近

be next to 紧邻

be in the vicinity of 邻近

be adjacent to 邻近

be located behind/in front of 坐落在的前面/后面

be on one’s left/right 在某人的左边/右边

turn left/right 左转/右转

go along 沿着一直走

go up/down 向上/向下

go straight across the yard 径直穿过院子

go back/back up 向回走

go east/west/south/north 向东/西/南/北

be the first from the left 从左数第一个

be on the corner of A street and B street 在A和B街角处

ground floor 一层

wing/annex 翼楼/配楼

intersection/crossroad 十字路口

T-junction 丁字路口

pavement/sidewalk 人行道

zebra crossing/pedestrian crossing 斑马线

空间表达时需要注意区分：在空间状语里，in 表 内部，on 表接壤，to 表分开。

常用的空间词：

lies 靠近

is located 坐落

is situated in 位于

across 交叉

parallel 平行

intersect 交点

near/next to/close to/adjacent to 靠近

on the …side of the …面

on both sides of 两边

just off … 靠近

on the opposite side 在另一边

on the border 在边缘上

center/middle/central area 中间

例句：It lies 450 kilometers from the nearest city, which is on the north side of the KK mountain.

Part 3：表顺序 表顺序的使用在流程图中是典型， 表顺序的关联词能够使描述的流程更加清晰， 结构条理明显。就如我们常用的产品安装说明一样，标明了 1、2、3、4 步，简洁明了。

常见的表顺序 的连词如下：

开始：

first of all, initially, to begin with, in the first place, first, the first stage involves …, during, in the first place 其 次 ：

second, then, next, also, in the second stage, following this/that, afterwards the first (reason) is

然后：

after that, at the same time, in the meantime, meanwhile, prior to, until, in the third stage, in addition, at the same time, from that moment on, once when 最终：finally, lastly, in the final stage, in the end

例句：First the fruit is picked from trees by hand. It is then transported to the cannery by large trucks.

Part 4：表动作 动词部分应当是流程和地图题的重点， 这里要做一个明确的区分： 流程图的动作以流程步骤 中的操作动作为主，而地图题中的动作以地理位置变迁的变化动词为主。

词汇 分成两大部分：

A. 流程动词

细节动作：

lay, put 放

strike 打

compress 压缩

release 释放

move, flow 流动

press 按压

adjust 调整

rotate 旋转

chop 砍

grind 磨碎

light 点燃

burn 燃烧

ignite 点燃

reflect 反光

turn up 调高

turn down 调低

wind 缠绕

unwind 解开

revolve 旋转

unfold 打开

reverse 颠倒，倒转

heat up 加热

expand 膨胀

bend 弯曲

spin 旋转

absorb 吸收

evaporate 蒸发

volatilize 挥发

draw 提取

poured into 倒入

变化：

accumulate 积累

gather/collect 收集

obtain 获得

turn off 关闭

cool down 冷却

disconnect 断开连接

renovate 革新，更新，修复

process 加工

fade 褪色

increase 增长

promote 促进；升职

reduce 减少

renew 使更新，使恢复

convey 运送

replace 取代

shrink 收缩

melt 溶解

heal 治愈

recycle 回收

组成：

be made up of 由...组成

be made of 由...制成

separate 分开

B. 地图变化词

be made from 由...制成

feed on 以...为食

depend on/rely on 依赖

sort 分类

变大： enlarged extended doubled, tripled increased soar by half risen

变小： dropped reduced decreased grown fallen halved

消失：disappeared removed no more here

建成： becomes transformed reconstructed redeveloped converted into added to the library changed into turned over to replaced /substituted gives way to … newly-built built establish set up constructed completed and opened

例句：

1.Uranium is found under the ground and so it must be mined. Once the mined uranium has been extracted, it is taken to a processing centre.

2. A new IT centre has been added to the library.

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